Rivet



A. KIRKS.

(No Model.) j

RIVET.

No. 401,747. Patented Apr. 23, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT KIRKS, OF CANTON, OI'IIO.

RIVET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 401,747, dated April 23, 1889.

Application filed February 25, 1889- Seria1N0.301,025. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern/.-

Be it known that I, ALBERT KIRKs, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Canton, county of Stark, State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rivets, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of burglar-proof safes and jails; and it consists in providing rivets having a hardened-steel portion and a soft-iron portion, the hardened-steel portion extending from the central to the outside portion of the rivet, constructed as hereinafter described, and set forth in the claims.

Figure 1 is a view in perspective of a portion of lattice-work for jails, illustrating the use of my improved rivet. Fig. 2 is a view, partlysectional, of aportion of jail-work, illustrating a furher use of my invention. Fig. 3 is a view, partly sectional, of a corner portion of jail or safe work, showing the rivets in position. Fig. at is a vertical sectional view of a portion of the rivet-bar. Fig. 5 is a similar view of a rivet, showing a portion of the steel removed from one end. Fig. 6is a similar view of the soft-iron rivet having a groove extending from its central to its outside portion, in which is secured a hardenedsteel portion. Fig. 7 is a plan view of rivet-head, showing end of steel portion; and Fig. 8 is a plan view of rivet-head over end of steel portion.

Since the issue to me of Letters Patent No. 384,318, bearing date June 12,1889, for a hardened-steel center rivet, it has been discovered that such rivets can be. removed by the use of a hollow drill. Therefore the object of this invention is to construct a rivet that cannot be drilled out.

A represents a bar of metal of any desired diameter. Saidbar is composed of a soft-iron outside portion, as B, embracing a flattened steel portion, as (3, extending from the central portion of the iron to the outside, the proportions of which may be arranged as desired, preferably the thickness of the steel to be about one-fifth the diameter of the bar or rivet.

The rivet-head D may be of any of the usual forms and made in the usual way, after which a portion of the si eel is removed from theunheaded end, as shown in Fig. 5, by the use of a milling-tool or cold-chisel, leaving the walls of iron stand. as shown in Fig. 5, after which the rivet so constructed is heated and the steel portion hardened by the use of water or in any of the approved ways. The rivet is then placed in a countersunk perforation, as shown at F, Fig. 1, the hardened-steel portion extending just about through the parts to be riveted together, after which the soft-iron end is riveted down over the end of steel portion, filling the countersink and forming the head, as shown at G, Fig. 1.

The jail-bars H, having a hardened-steel center, J, as shown in Fig. 1, and the rivets a hardened-steel portion, as hereinbefore de scribed, will prevent the destruction of the structure by the usual methods.

In Fig. 6 is a modification of my invention and illustrates a soft-iron rivet, K, having a narrow side groove extending from the central portion of the rivet to the outside, into which a hardened piece of steel, M, is driven, the object of which, as herein-before stated, is to prevent the drilling out of the rivets.

Having thus described the nature and object of my invention, what I claim and desire to secure is 1. A rivet having an outside portion of soft iron, embracing a portion. of flat hardened steel extending from the central portion of the rivet to the outside, a portion of the said steel having been removed before hardening, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. A rivet having an outside portion of soft iron, embracing a portion of fiat steel extending from the central to the outside portion, having one head formed by upsetting the iron and steel, the other formed of the soft iron over the end of the steel, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. A rivet, preferably of soft iron, having a groove extending from the central portion to the outside, and a hardened-steel plate driven in said groove, substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set myhand this 21st day of February, A. I). 188.).

ALBERT KIRKS.

\Vitnesses:

W. K. MILLER, CHAs. R. MILLER, 

